Attack Prevention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Attack Prevention - Essay Examplehe information in the computer is non secure, this is because it is susceptible to people who hack the softw ars and access the information .The ones responsible for hacking the computer today, are believed to have bad intentions of manipulating other peoples information stored in the computer.The core reason for the hold is to inform bag users on how criminals are on rise to involve them in fraud and data theft with an role of getting wealth through their criminal activities of hacking other peoples softwares. The hold refers from an article that is online from Cyber Media India Online Ltd, that cl uses that home users are always at high risk due to poor security measures in place and thusly become victims at all times. It also suggests on the use of malicious code as a way of attacking desktop softwares and web browsers. The article also offers some techniques on how the home users can put home security measures to curb malicious networks and application dealings (Chou, 2014).The rascal was compose by an organization and the author is unclearly identified and I think the identification of the author to lack is purposeful. The author of the article is affiliated to the organization because he/she has written on the topic related to the aim of the organization which is to inform the public about the criminal acts by the hackers of softwares. The page where the article is written does not give a link that is blank for one to comment or ask questions regarding the article (Chou, 2014)This is a scholarly site and the author is writing towards achieving the goals of the site but not to sell the information. The article tries to inform about various mechanism that can be used as prevention measures to neutralise fraud and theft of data. It is very easy to identify a specific point of view in this article. The site targets the scholars and at the same time, the general public. The main objective of the site is to inform and educate two the general public

Kierkegaard and Dewey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Kierkegaard and Dewey - Essay ExampleDewey so gives an example of religion how religion can have a lasting and deep impact on the course of a nations history. Religion or a certain set of ideas can control peoples feelings and notions, and that is non any less of a control than that of political oppression.Culture is also determines what elements of human race nature eclipse it, which have resulted in the be equivocationf that one chance of human nature is the determining factor of human society. This is confusing the effect with the cause, as it is a societys culture that determines which aspect of human nature dominates according to Deweys argument.So the basic idea of Deweys first chapter is that if political freedom is to be maintained it is through culture and not through the individuals, as they are themselves motivated and to a degree controlled by culture.The exaggeration of one aspect of human nature as the sole motive behind human bearing is itself culture driven thi s is well supported by historical facts. For every age gives rise to a motive of behavior that accords with its heathen needs. And the example Dewey gives is England during the industrial revolution as the economic situation was intense it gave rise to the belief in a sole human motivator that is in harmony with this economical situation.2- In chapter 2, Dewey discusses the differences that lie within the same society, how they might affect society and how they are not an objection to his theory of cultural domination over human behavior within society. In this chapter he concludes that No estimate of the effect of culture upon the elements that now make up freedom begins to be adequate that does not take into placard the moral and religious splits that are found in our very make-up as persons. The problem of creation of genuine democracy cannot be successfully dealt with in theory or in practice pull through as we create intellectual and moral integration out of present disord ered conditions. This perhaps sums up

Goodbye Mother by Reinaldo Arenas Research Paper - 1

Goodbye Mother by Reinaldo Arenas - Research Paper ExampleThe short story opens with the terminal of the personas mother. The mother is portrayed as a powerful figure that has overall authority over her children. He recalls how the mother was strict and looked after them with an iron fist. The mother is symbolic of the orbit, Cuba. They loved their country, but with the revolution, it is constantly ever-changing from the beautiful place they once knew to an ugly, terrible state havent you notice the smell, the flies? The country is now ruled by dictators, and all the good things are slowly dying (Arenas, pg.316). They have been replaced by beetles, flies, rats and maggots, which have been used metaphorically to refer to the oppressors.Since the coming of the Cuban revolution to power, the people have been oppressed. afterward the collapse of their motherland, the citizens display their loyalty to their country by choosing to die for it. He is gives a detailed description of the d isgraceful behavior of the oppressors by using the flies and maggots to give a vivid a picture. subsequently days of decomposition, the bodies have a started to rot and maggots have invaded it. It displays the rot in the revolution and how the oppressors are ruin the countries resources and mistreating the citizens.After the death of the mother, the sisters stab themselves to death as a sign of solidarity. This signifies the collapse of the pillars of the country. The social and frugal aspects of the community are all eroded watch how we gracefully glide over the field and garden doomed. During the revolution era, the country experiences so many calamities (Arenas, pg.316). Cuba suffered massive abuse of power and mistreatment by the dictators.In the Short story, flies have been used metaphorically to compare them to the behaviors and style of leadership employed by the dictators. The dictators have executed and massacred the martyrs, and the young adolescent boys shot in the fir ing squad. They are

Interpersonal Communication (Children of a Lesser God) Essay

Interpersonal communion (Children of a Lesser God) - Essay Exampleny other deaf persons, must rely on distinct skill sets in discourse and must rely, too, on the skill sets of others, including those not trained in the prowess of communication with deaf persons through sign language How, then, do people overcome these barriers in communication and convey thoughts and ideas to one another in meaningful ways? The answer is that whether or not we regard it, we all use non communicatory means of communication. This essay is going to focus on those communication methods.In a scene in the film when Hurt proposes to Matlins character that he teach her verbal communication, there is more being conveyed than personal interests there is personal attraction. Matlins character is flirtatious, and her facial expressions, even when she challenges Hurts characters signing proficiency, ends with a flirtatious look, a raised eyebrow, and a tilt of her head. Our bodies dont exist to carry our he ads around, we are reminded by Dr. Candace Pert, author of Molecules of Emotions (1997), and research professor in biophysics and physiology at the prestigious Georgetown University in Washington, DC. Rather, thinking process is not just a cash in ones chips of the brain, but of the entire body suggests Pert (Weiss, 2001). The brain, which has hundreds of thousands of protein neurons, is constantly processing information, and as it does, the neurons actually vibrate and compound in shape (2001).The brain is as interconnected with the physiological and emotional system of the body as are the sensory perceptions of sight, sound, smell and taste which we are closer to in our both solar day thinking and collar than we are to the brain. However, as Pert says, the brain and heart are tied into every function, every expression, every action that we make and think, and it has a long memory and its memories are triggered throughout the course of a day without our being aware of it on a conscious level. We see this throughout the film Children

Genetics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Genetics - Assignment ExampleAccordingly, the accumulation of mutant mtDNA in the reproductive tissues appears to underlie/impair fetal viability, so, increasing chances of having recurrent miscarriages.8 In the following pedigrees, the disorders or traits presented follow easy patterns of Mendelian inheritance. For each(prenominal) trait, determine the most probable mode of inheritance, stating whether the trait is due to an autosomal or X-linked gene, and a dominant or recessive allele. In each case, indicate and explain the evidence for each pattern, giving at least one statement and example from the pedigree to defend each fate of your analysis. Then, providing a legend for your symbols, assign genotypes to the specified individuals. (15 marks)9 Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with a gene on chromosome 4. Sickle cell anaemia is due to a gene on chromosome 11. A man and a woman with achondroplasia, who each had a normal parent, are carriers for sick le cell anaemia.every individual has two copies of each of the genes in their system, one from each parent. The colourise of the human bosom color is determined by at least three hereditable genes. However, only two are well understood. A gene often has two alleles a dominant one that confers eye color (B for blue eye color) and a recessive one which gives rise to the brown eye color. A brown eyed soda water and a green eyed mom may be carriers of the recessive gene of eye color, and thus be able to pass down brown eye genes to their baby birdren. As alluded to in the diagram above, twain parents are carriers of the brown eyes genes. There is, thus, a slim chance that brown eyed child bb/gg being born in the family.Both lead to monoallelic expression without altering the genetic sequence that is genomic imprinting and X-inactivation serving certain physical properties such as DNA hypermethylation, altered replication timing

Comparison and critique of two English article Essay

Comparison and critique of two position bind - Essay ExampleThis shows how well informed the author is on issues affecting the English language. It is in sex act to the command that ethos are applied to make the article charitable to the audience and the reader because, projects valid arguments okay by valid references into the history of language.On the other hand, I h8 txt msgs How texting is wrecking our language by lav Humphrys also bears a form of ethos by referring to everyday events that the audience and readers of the article can easily colligate (Humphrys). This is concerning texting and the influence it has on the daily use of language in todays society. However, it fails to some goal to provide a strong argument for the degradation of language by texting. The above is due to the never-ending referral to personal opinions, albeit true, and over emphasis on a single consequence of texting. This is concerning the bias he has against infraction of language rules rath er that the positive side of ease in communication that texting has brought with it.Emotionally, none of the two articles is appealing to the audience if looked at in critical level. The only emotion elicited from both is that of sympathy direct at the mutilation of language especially in the texting article by John Humphrys. The article by Steven Pinker does forgetful to capture the emotions of the audience except by giving hope of the language not dying, which elicits a moxie of relief (Pinker). The purpose of both papers varies depending on the article this is due to the target audience and the intend response from the audience. Pinkers article dwells more on the hope that exists for the English language, as opposed to the dangers that English as a language faces in terms of extinction due to mutilation and evolution.In relation to the act of logic, Pinker does well by relating his ideas based on systematic thought. This occurs due to the numerous deductions that he makes base d on the daily life occurrences, as

Student Teaching Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Student Teaching - Essay ExampleAn intensive reading intervention dodging involving decoding and fluency skills and based on the Phono-Graphix and Read Naturally program was applied to 27 learners (Denton, 2006). A 16-week intervention resulted in signifi give the axet improvement in reading, decoding, fluency, and knowledge (ibid).Students with special needs also resolve well to reading interventions. The effectiveness of a supplemental tutoring intervention by the name of Read considerably was evaluated on children with learning disabilities, attention-deficit disorder, and English language learners who were also poor readers in a several multiple-probe-across-participants radiation diagram (Jitendra, 2004). These children showed improvement in passage fluency (ibid) in Year 1 studies and growth in reading, spelling, and comprehension for most children (ibid) in Year 2 studies. Overall, some(prenominal) studies indicated benefits of increased instructional intensity and dura tion for children who scramble with emerging reading skills (ibid).Students with different primary language backgrounds also respond equally well as a study of 166 struggling readers who underwent phonologically based remediation showed (Lovett, 2008). They either had a reading disability, or were down the stairs average in oral or verbal skills besides having English either as a first language (EFL) or had an English language learner (ELL) status. After being randomly designate to either a special education reading control program or one of ternion reading interventions, the research based interventions proved superior to the special education control on both reading outcomes and rate of growth (ibid). Moreover, there were no differences between children with EFL and ELL status.Thus, intervention is successful but students reading difficulties can have varying causes for which an individually tailored instructional strategy can help to better respond to the unique challenges of

Composition of fish corkscrew Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Composition of tilt corkscrew - Essay ExampleSymmetry is known to play a vital role in human visual perception and aesthetics1. When all the functional parts of the fish corkscrew are in closed position, the device appears to be almost symmetrical as gouge be seen from figure 1. Its symmetry is, however, imperfect given the shape of the corkscrew and a section of the poke. atomic number 53 of the elements of the device is the saw-tooth and sharp firebrandd stab. The knife which is attached to the tail of the fish is made of metal and flush toilet be used to cut different objects. The cutting edge of the knife has two sections a level blade and a serrated blade that form one unit. The flat section of the cutting blade can be used to cut objects like a razor or ordinary knife does even as the serrated section serves to cut like a saw. The cutting and non-cutting edges of the knife occupy in a curve to form a pin point that can be utile in piercing or tearing materials. The kni fe is attached to the tail of the fish through a hinge so that the knife can be drawn out in case it necessarily to be used. When not in use, the knife is pushed down and its curved non-cutting edge forms the dorsal fins the fish. At the look of the knife that overlooks the wooden dust of the fish, close to the curved edge is a notch that can be used to lift the knife out of its sheath.The tail of the fish is made up of metal. Apart from cosmos the frame upon which the knife is fixed, the tail serves to give the device its characteristic aesthetics and fish shape as can be seen in fig 2. The body of the fish which is made of wood and metal too gives the device its characteristic fish-like shape. The body also acts as a sheath that hides the sharp edge of the knife from view when the knife is in closed position. The body also serves to protect the bearer of the knife from harm as it keeps the knife away from immediate contact in case it is not in use. The body of the fish also serves as a hand. The body is so shapes that

Comparison of Models Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comparison of Models - Research Paper ExampleIt is noteworthy that the major(ip) differences between psychological and multicausal shamlings of addiction are based on their varied beliefs on the causes of addiction.Psychological model of addiction, which derives its understanding from a number psychological models key among them being psychoanalytic theory developed by Sigmund Freud, the behavioural and cognitive theories of psych otherwiseapy. Psychological model asserts that addiction is motivated by psychological distress. In other words, this model of addiction is based on the belief that addiction is because of repression and unconscious mental processes (Raymond, 1998). Addiction in this sense is just a secondary problem as psychological problems takes precedence. This means that addiction is exactly a coping mechanism as at seeks to create an illusion of comfort away from informal conflicts in an individuals life. For instance, Sigmund view all forms of addiction as a subs titute for blunt sexual urges, which brings about an congenital conflict and intensified guilt that is reengineered by an addiction cycle.Psychological model emphasizes on the intrinsic drives especially cognitive which motivate people to develop a cycle of medicate use and dependence (Raymond, 1998). For instance, individuals are seen to develop a tendency of using drugs as form of self-medication to internal conflicts brought about by dysfunctional thought patterns. In other words, addiction personality is real and it is experience constantly owing to the fact that it is used as a coping mechanism against stirred up emotions, traumatic experiences, sexual issues, fears, negative relationships, feeling of powerlessness. A number of things that individuals try to self medicate pull in been categorised into four groups and they include difficulty in self-care, the expression of emotions, troubled relationships and low

Independent from England Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Independent from England - Essay ExamplePrimarily, the colonists believed that the living laws of considerable Britain were very much incompatible with and furthest removed from the needs of the people of the colonial unite States. In the Declaration of Independence, it was stated, He (the king) has refused his Assent to Laws the most wholesome and necessary for the public good (Ushistory.org, 2007). In all respects, the king was perceived as a promoter of the abnormal tax system, stepping on the backs of the lively colonists to earn money for Great Britain. As a counter to this, the colonists realized that an autonomous taxation structure, at a time used for the well being of the people, in support of the local economy, would prohibit Great Britain from taking resources far away from the American colonists, resulting in the consumption suffering greatly in an as yet stronger Great Britain.Secondly, a belief that the king continued to maintain a strong force presence in early America, essentially made the colonists feel as though they were constantly under the threat of army action by the British Army. This perception of the threat is evidently the inspiration behind the passage stating, He has kept among us, in times of peace, standing armies without the consent of our legislature (Ushistory.org). While the colonists continued to work on building the foundation of a successful economy for America, Britain did indeed maintain a close military watch over them to ensure that no revolution was brewing and to constantly remind them that the empire could curtail any such revolution.Finally, undue pressure was exerted on the colonists to limit and even suspend their trade of confused goods with other nations. With a motive of ensuring that any proceeds from trade of American produce be at once routed to the King of Britain rather than locally distributed among the colonists, the export of certain domestic products such as tobacco to nations free to

Assignment 15(675) Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assignment 15(675) - Case Study ExampleFor ensuring objectivity, I would insist on having a police detective on behalf of the indoctrinate as a checker for all scripts prepared. Nothing must be aired before the researcher confirms for all facts/artifice found in the news. The false statements must be edited out and the draft be sent to a senior permission in the work faculty. After their approval, a final check must be made by an independent authority so as to eliminate any bias that may be running within the train through the private corporation.i. Since charter schools are formed by teachers, parents and/or community members, it should be ensured that bookman performance results are free from bias. Such schools are free from most state laws and regulations apart from a certain performance criteria that is to be met. 2iii. Since these schools have minimal rules and state authority scrutiny attached, the education direct provided may lose worth. An independent, unbiased party must revise the curriculum and methods used in the school on a yearly basis to make certain that quality education is being provided to students. 12. What advantages index charter schools bring for students in your attendance area? Using the secondary school as a model, try to envision positive changes that might occur as the charter school movement

The Case of Egyptian Metal Industries (Metalco) Study

The of Egyptian Metal Industries (Metalco) - Case Study ExampleBy employing the traditional termsing order, Metalco workouts only direct labor-hours (In fashion modelation Resources management Information, 2013, p.1432) which shows very little relationship with the accumulation of the factory command overhead costs (Information Resources Management Information, 2013, p.1432). This results in torture of product price and also decreases the inducements for the managers in their way of managing the product costs. It has been found that both the methods are providing opposite results because the volume-based method of costing uses only cost of direct labor and the method of activity-based costing (ABC) make use of various cost drivers for each activity. There is difference in the way of computing per unit cost of factory overhead under both the methods. The method of traditional costing takes only direct labor-hours (See vermiform appendix 1), while ABC method activity cost drive r into consideration to compute the unit overhead cost (See Appendix 2). The result from the traditional method shows that product COM is more(prenominal) profitable as compared to reticuloendothelial system (See Appendix 3). Whereas, the result form the ABC method reflects that product RES is more profitable thus COM (See Appendix 4). Therefore, it has been observed that traditional method does not provide accurate result, whereas, ABC method gives more specific result.It has been analyzed that traditional method of costing does not provide accurate result because it does not utilize activity cost drivers for analyzing the per unit overhead cost. The result which has been obtained from both the methods are different form one another. Traditional method shows that product COM is better than RES, while the ABC method provides opposite result. Metalco shifted its taste perception from traditional method to ABC method because it gives more accurate analysis of the product cost. The A BC method determines each activity related to producing the item as

Theory Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Theory - Term makeup ExampleIn considering each claim it is important to look into what state actually means. This paper looks into democracy and its claims from both Marxism and Leninism perspectives. Practical use of democracy will form the centre stage in elaborating the nitty-gritty of democracy and whether it is an end in itself or a means to an end. Democracy literal meaning is good deals Rule meaning that it is the populace that should stick out a nations sovereignty. This definition is quite a the opposite of autocracy and oligarchy which connote forms of dictatorship perpetuated by one person or a routine of large number respectively. Therefore, democracy is a function where plurality exercise political power through choosing leadership or participating in governance. The latter statement has little strength but its claim is indisputable as an inherent attribute of a democratic establishment. These definitions raise a number of arguments one world that some gov ernment systems are more democratic than others (Lenin 177-215). An absolute democracy will so regard that peoples wishes are incorporated in the governance system. Wishes of the people even in the upstart democratic institutions are basically achieved through elections. In this case peoples representatives are elective to various levels of government where they are expected to represent the views and wishes of their electorates. Utilitarian theorists hold the belief that democracy offers a channel for peoples will to be done. Elections in the case are an agent of peoples will since electors choose those who are closest to their ideals. Although this is not a strong justification as to the establishment of democracy, it goes further to elaborate the representation of the will of the people in governance. This utilitarian approach to democracy and general will of the people is however not accurate. It is basic fact that a society is comprised of people who hold different views on issues. Consequently, it is hard for all to agree on one thing curiously on matters pertaining to public policy. This argument of elections as a symbol of democracy does not necessarily bear peoples will (Loo and Peter 45-80). Majoritarianism is used widely in elections debate since those who end up in government are the most popular candidates and this translates into ignorance of the minoritys interests. This loophole in democracies has been overcome by establishing systems that facilitate proportional representation although their viability has proved questionable as factions are forced to join forces to lead considerable majority. Britain is an example where tyranny of the minority is experienced. This has been the trend after the 2nd World War where just now two parties have dominated the political arena. In winning elections these parties need to work hard to coquet voters who are indecisive. In so doing the parties find themselves ignoring their ideologically based suppo rters in order to appeal to the some undecided ones. This scenario is clearer after looking into democracy as a means to an end. Democracy depicts a situation where people are ruling themselves meaning that a state is incapable of coercing an individual citizen (Lenin 277-313). Freedom is therefore a pillar expected to be upheld by a democratic system more than in others. The degree of equality among people also forms the

Magic Bullet Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Magic Bullet hypothesis - Essay ExampleThe paper will also assist in showing how the magic dope speculation suffers shortcomings after the assassination of President John Kennedy. According to the magic biff speculation, people in the society live an isolated lifestyle because of diverse origins, beliefs, and norms. Likewise, media messages act as emblematical bullets that strike their ears and brains resulting in certain effects on their behavior. The effect of media messages on the passive audience is powerful and direct. An archetype of this scheme was demonstrated by Orson Wells when Mercury Theater Group after starting the bare of state of war of the Worlds. About 12 million Americans heard the one the eve of Halloween and a section of the nation started believe that a dangerous alien invasion was underway. Such misleading news led to home cult and caused traffic jams. People also fled from their City houses to settle in rural areas and many groceries started limitin g the fodder reserves. Accordingly, media practitioners have argued that the War of Worlds is an example of how propaganda can be utilized in the magic bullet theory to manipulate the emotions and beliefs of a gullible public (Gupta & Aggarwal, 2001). On the contrary, the magic bullet theory does not unfeignedly work since no two individuals can react similarly to media misleading broadcasts. It can be express the pre-deposition, attitudes, prejudices, and moods of an individual influence his reaction towards misleading information from the media.... Research questions I. Can the mass media succeed in issuing misleading information? II. Does the magic bullet theory work? III. Does the media audience respond the propagandas passively? IV. What are the main shortcomings of the magic bullet theory? Literature review According to the magic bullet theory, people in the society live an isolated lifestyle because of diverse origins, beliefs and norms. Likewise, media messages act as sym bolic bullets that strike their ears and brains resulting to certain effects on their behavior. The effect of media messages on the passive audience is powerful and direct. An example of this theory was demonstrated by Orson Wells when Mercury Theater Group after starting the broadcasting of War of the Worlds. About 12 million Americans heard the one the eve of Halloween and a section of the population started believing that a dangerous alien invasion was underway. Such misleading news led to household hysteria, and caused traffic jams. People also fled from their City houses to settle in rural areas and many groceries started limiting the fodder reserves. Accordingly, media practitioners have argued that the War of Worlds is an example of how propaganda can be utilized in the magic bullet theory to manipulate the emotions and beliefs of a gullible public (Gupta & Aggarwal, 2001). On the contrary, the magic bullet theory does not in truth work since no two individuals can react si milarly to media misleading broadcasts. It can be express the pre-depositions, attitudes, prejudices and moods of an individual influence his reaction towards misleading information from the media (Davis & Baron, 1981). Media propaganda is a communication message that is intended to

Factors that Motivate Consumers Towards Internet Shopping Assignment

Factors that Motivate Consumers Towards Internet Shopping - Assignment ExampleThe same study quoted the definition of an e-market as an interorganisational information system that allows the participating defileers and sellers to exchange information about prices and product offerings (Bakos, 1991, p.295). An e-market was also described as a way of conducting business by companies and customers performing electronic transactions through computer networks (Liu and Arnett, 2000, p. 34). Also, it is a virtual realm where products and services exist as digital information and can be delivered through information-based channels (Meuter, et al., 2000, p. 50). These various definitions of online/internet shop/retailing as the more than concrete media, system, or network, to the more abstract virtual realm is testament to the various levels this phenomenon affects the psyche and actions of the acquire public. It begs the question, What factors significantly influence shoppers to buy prod ucts over the internet?From a cursory scan of academic literature, it appears that studies on what influences the online purchase decision whitethorn be categorized into three general sets of theories behavioural, sharp, and experiential. Based on this observation, this researcher shall classify the theories gathered from the valuate of literature and discuss them in groups, then thereafter compare the groups of theories as this researcher perceived them. demythologizedThe rationale to the inquiry as to customers purchase intentions, rather than their locations or tendencies to patronize internet shopping, is based on the theory of reasoned action by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) which states that rational intention is a more powerful or compelling force compared to attitude or behaviour on the decision to purchase, and that the antecedents of intention are shopping orientations, online trust and prior(prenominal) online purchase experience. In determining customers attitudes toward s internet shopping, early studies tended to touch on a wide range of factors including income, involvement, home shopping versus internet shopping experience, even attitude towards the retailers brand and attitude towards retailers websites. Along this line, Balabanis and Vassileiou (1999) found that high income favours internet shopping from retailers with strong brand names, and that high involvement with a product category affects adversely shopping from retailers sites with weak brands. Furthermore, it was determined that customers extensive home-shopping experience and positive attitudes towards a retailers web site both had positive effects on the shoppers buying intentions, whether the product had a strong or weak brand (p. 361). Ling, Chai and Piew (2010) had likewise adopted the same draw close to test multiple aspects of online shopping over a broad range of market segments to determine whatsoever general considerations of the decision to purchase online. Findings showe d that such factors as impulse purchase intention, quality orientation, brand orientation, online trust, and prior online purchase experience all positively related to the customers intention to purchase online (p. 63). Behavioural The theories that adhere to the behavioural factors propose that customers tend to buy online because certain attitudes, values, and personality traits beyond the scope of reason compel the bank to do so. The result is that the purchase is not so much arrived at as a rational decision but a feeling that the purchase is desirable. Online shoppers actions are determined by three elements, viz. affect (emotional feelings), intentions (desires), and behaviours, where behaviour is the product of two dimensions internal

Report on case study 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Report on 1 - Case Study ExampleThe major causes of the verbalize issue are because the earthquake was extremely strong for people of Tokyo. During the incident, the building shook two or three times and m any times afterwards due to aftershocks effects. The shockwaves can cause the health problems especially the trauma to the people2. It even caused the staff to go under their desks with helmets, holding the legs on tables for fear. There was a tycoon surge in most of the parts in the area, hence, the trains could not be able to function unremarkably since there were no enough power in things like traffic lights, lights in buildings and such as they were also affected. These factors caused the people in the businesses to uphold the commencement of reopening them.In addition, it was a dilemma for the people to go to sleep the damage caused in Tokyo, and for how long would the trains resume their usual businesses. The question of if there would be food in some days or what was goi ng to happen in fuel supply since the television aired spectacular scenes of fire in a gas terminus in Tokyo Bay area. In this, there were uncertainties everywhere as the people lacks clear information to help in making any decision. Most of the people, especially in Rio Tinto Japan, could not afford to go home. They had to travel the next day, as the status was not conducive environment for running a business normally. The incident becomes one of the major tsunami in the world34.The social issue affecting the businesses resumption was if the reopening of the businesses and offices would be thinkable. The stakeholders gauged the available options but without knowing what to do next. Their respectable issues included if to open the business and operate normally, or to keep everyone at home, or even to strike every staff to remain in safe locations and work from there. Although no any issue was possible to resolve at the time as there were no adequate information to make a good d ecision, which favors the

21st Century Technologies and Their Relationship to Student Achievement Essay Example for Free

twenty-first Century Technologies and Their Relationship to Student feat EssayThe Holy Grail in education today is to link an educational strategy, course of study, porta or engineering to pupil operation. thither be numerous organizations advocating for technology Literacy, Information Literacy, 21st Century coaching Skills, and any number of different titles for literacy in a modern context. In each sectors of human society, the applied checkeredness of the 21st Century has revolutionized and enhanced our way of life.From medicine to the military and from business to the arts, the technologies of today lease make our lives break dance. It is non surprising then, that the state-supported expects engineering to establish a similar revolutionary effect on education. After all, the biggest advancements of the last 20 old duration assume been in the realm of information and the tools of human association this is encyclopedisms back-yard. Yet, when peopl e look at our naturalizes they see more than sectionalizationrooms that seem to baffle been tolerant to these advances.There be obstacles that education faces in implementing a 21st Century approach to education non the least of which is finding a definition and a clear picture of what it really looks like and whether it lead be more effective for savants. Costs to implement technology-rich programs quickly seem prohibitive when scaling to an inherent school system, particularly so in a state that lags the nation in educational funding.Teachers ar our biggest asset and argon known to be the single largest influence on bookman acquirement the order clear provide, so professional development is crucial and fundamental. The measure of success, the CSAP, is a paper and pencil turn up which leave be un commensurate to measure all the exacting effects technology apprize feature for school- get on with child checking. Indeed, a 20th Century hear method will be unabl e to powerful assess (and may even inhibit) the skills development of a 21st Century learner. And then, are we sound round(predicate) the heart and helping scholarly persons master it, or is education most nearlything more as well?Therefore, reservation the case that investment in technology will increase student performance earth-closet be fraught with pitfalls and obstacles. To attempt to tackle this issue, the authors of this paper will review quality question and remark in an array of areas where technology-re after-hoursd tools and strategies have been implemented with confident(p) effects for students. A strict filter of studies that produce higher(prenominal)(prenominal) probe re moulds will not be personad beca practise of the limitations authentic paper and pencil tests have in assessment of 21st Century skills.In addition to improve assessment actions, the reader is encour bestrided to sell the context of a global workplace and educations duty to prep are students to thrive in a highly digital, interactive know directge workforce. Research that shows increase student deed on assessments, studies that order to ways education can successfully prepare students for a modern workforce and our own experiences in Littleton Public Schools shall all be considered positive correlations between technology and student achievement in this paper.The argufy Inherent in Determining the Effectiveness of Technologies via Research The following is an excerpt that addresses a gestalt view of technology and its correlation to student achievement When we try to determine the effectiveness of educational technologies, we are confronted by a number of methodological and mulish issues. First, we emergency to remember that technology is provided one component of an instructional activity. Assessments of the impact of technology are really assessments of instruction changed by technology, and the outcomes are highly dependent on the quality of the i mplementation of the instructional protrude.According to Roy Pea, director of SRI concern for Technology in attainment in Menlo Park, California, the social contexts of how technology is utilise are crucial to understanding how technology power influence precept and nurture. cultureal technologies cannot be effective by themselves. The social contexts are all-important. This means more attention should be paid to the program line strategies exercised both(prenominal) in the software and around it in the classroom, and to the classroom surround itself.It is a recurrent finding that the effects of the best software can be neutralized with improper give, and that even poorly envisioned software can be creatively extended to make important learning goals. There are also a host of methodological issues to confront. First, standardized achievement tests might not measure the types of changes in students that educational technology reformers are looking for. New measures, ni gh of which are currently under development, would assess areas, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as higher order imagineing skills, that legion(predicate) believe can be particularly affected by using new technologies.There is also a need to imply outcome measures that go beyond student achievement, because student achievement might be affected by students attitudes about themselves, their schools, the types of interactions that go on in schools, and the truly idea of learning. some other consideration is pointed out by the U. S. Office of Technology Assessments Teachers and Technology Making the Connection Technological changes are likely to be nonlinear, and might show effects not only on student learning, further also on the curriculum, the nature of instruction, the school culture, and the fundamental ways that instructors do their jobs. Coley, 1997). Instant Response Systems Data-driven finale making is an educational approach that requires educators to decide on instruct ional strategies and activities based on what they know about how well students have grasped a concept. Whereas before, this might be done with mini quizzes, foundationwork or performances at the chalk board, todays technologies provide some other avenue. Using handheld devices in Modesto City Schools classrooms, teachers can pose misgivings to students who use wireless remotes for real- snip responses.Such eng come alongment enables the teachers to immediately determine if students are grabby concepts and decide whether more time is needed on a proposition or whether the gathering can move on. Item banks of standards-aligned questions make teachers jobs easier in developing much(prenominal) review materials (Hines, 2005). another(prenominal) similar technology is the graphing calculator which can be used in math and science classrooms to enable both student to participate and have the power of a modern compute tool.Classrooms that make use of the graphing calculator exhibi t better questioning and feedback behaviors goal-oriented instruction becomes more attainable and more common activities result in better student engagement and students tend to demonstrate more collaborative learning behaviors (Whitehurst, 2003). In Littleton Public Schools, a definitive interest is rising for these technologies as some(prenominal) classroom sets are deployed in schools across the district. Results are largely anecdotal and explorative, but math coordinators are seeing the Texas Instruments graphing calculator as a valuable tool that will pip beyond just math class.Technology Education Littleton Public Schools has a strong tradition in the realm of technology education. Our Middle and High Schools are all equipped with curricula that introduce a abundant array of technologies to students. LPS technology education students and teachers have won national recognition for their work. A relatively small amount of look into has been done on students understandings of design and technology concepts, or technical knowledge. This limited seek sometimes makes it difficult to capitalize on such an ever evolving assailable as Technology Education.The findings from the Australian study state that an increasing awareness of students understandings of design and technology concepts can have an impact on the teaching and learning of design and technology in elementary schools similar to that experienced in elementary science education (Davis, Ginns, McRobbie, 2002). Called Career and Technical Education in Virginia, CTE correlations to curricular areas have been rolled on a state wind vane site (http//www. valinkages. realize/) and are considered a key component to preparing students for End-Of-Course tests.A study was conducted in 20022003 on Illustration and purpose Technology coursework, an example of CTE student performance on Standards of Learning (SOL), the Virginia equivalent of CSAP tests. The results showed that 78 part of CTE students passed the math SOL test while only 72 percent of non-CTE enrolled students pass the test (Dyer, Reed, Berry, 2006). Authors on the subject advocate for providing students with opportunities to synthesize their learning in other subjects in technology-related programs.The opportunity to apply and reinforce learning from pith areas in technology programs is essential if learning is to be meaningful to students (Lewis, 1999). In our own experiences in LPS, we find that the Technology Education courses generate excitement and interest for learning among both male and effeminate students which must have an impact on their learning. Recent look into has shown that Technology Education courses appeal to both genders relately (McCarthy Moss, 1994). Although girls appeared to enjoy required technology education courses, they were less likely to keep up taking such courses as electives(Silverman Pritc rough, 1996).Certainly motivation and coating of knowledge help to improve studen t achievement. And while juvenile results do not conclusively prove that these courses impact student achievement at a higher level than other programs we implement in schools, it would be imprudent to think that these programs do not have a very positive effect. This is one of the limitations of look on students it is almost impossible to create a true get wind group. When asked, students currently enrolled in LPS Technology Education courses describe their thoughts of technology to include computers, iPods, motion-picture show games, music media, email, and tools in general.Recent legislation supports the concept that educations technology initiatives need to go beyond thinking about computers. Rather, Technology Education is about teaching innovation providing opportunity for practical application of knowledge gained in school mastery of abstraction and problem solving. Technology Education programs at LPS include a broad scope of tools that human beings use to master their environment including manufacturing, construction, power and energy, communication, transportation, and biotechnology. temporary hookup research that clearly correlates higher student achievement on standardized tests is lacking, the skills that students learn in such courses clearly match what employers, from engineering firms to manufacturing companies, indicate they seek in their applicant pools. Simulations and Video Games Dad, did you know that a Prefect in ancient Rome was both a firefighter AND a policeman? was a question that arose from the back of my (Dan Maas) car during a long road trip with my son, Calvin.He described, in quite consummate detail, the pantheon of Roman gods, the basic elements of Roman society and then abruptly ended the question and serve well finis that arose from his initial question so he could fend off the Carthaginians. How did he know they were Carthaginians? Hannibal always attacks with elephants was his reply. The boy had conditioned all thi s about Rome playing a video game at age quintuplet. Video games have long been the bane of the parent and teachers existence, but theres something here that may be of some use to us. Some have picked up on the possibilities.A multi-user virtual environment (MUVE) is a kind of video game. Schools like Harvard University are creating MUVEs that are physiqueed subsequently video games with a few critical differences. Video games typically have goals like collecting points, defeating enemies or gathering gold. On the other hand, MUVEs have the goal of learning. By creating virtual environments, problems can be posed, research can be collected, theories tested and outcomes achieved. unmatched MUVE example begins with an outbreak of a disease in a small town that players must investigate, determine the pathogens admitd, develop theories on how o treat the illness and test methods to resolve the crisis.The simulation is highly visual, interactive, and highly engaging to the students . See Studies show that children whose teachers use technology for simulations and application of knowledge tend to develop higher order thinking skills and tend to score higher on tests like the National Assessment for Educational Progress. Conversely, technology use that focuses on drill-and- practice session tends to correlate to lower performance (Archer, 1998).In another vaporize, students who participated in computer-assisted literacy instruction pull in higher scores on a Stanford Culture-Free egoism Inventory and on a Test of Written Spelling (Bottege, Daley, Goin, Hasselbring, Taylor, 1997). In a 2005 study on a gaming system called an Intelligent Tutoring System, results showed increased educational interest and motivation among students. Students showed statistically important gains educationally, but of particular pedigree was the very significant effect on students who had performed poorly previous to the pilot (Virvou, Katsionis, Manos, 2005).When one thinks abo ut games, it seems as if there is a clear opportunity for using this tool for locomote educational skills. Students solve problems, learn languages and master virtual world rules while playing video games for entertainment. This pattern was examined in a Newark, New Jersey study using Lightspan educational video games where 47 pre-school age children played 40 minutes per day for 11 weeks and demonstrated significant gains over the control group on the Wide Range Achievement Test R-3.The scores for spelling and decoding were significantly improved for the experimental group over the control while no significant difference was detected in math (Calao Din, 2001). The Pokemon video game is also interesting to consider. By the time the first draft of this chronicle is completed for the Board of Education, the country will celebrate Dr. Suess birthday. His childrens books help young people to learn to read by creating simple, repetitive language constructs that reveal patterns to stud ents and help them improve their decoding and phonic awareness.He even made up nonsense intelligence agencys to press the students phonetic ability. Pokemon has many similar traits. Text on the handheld game appears in small, five record chunks that only run when the reader is done. The study is meaningful in that comprehension is required to solve the puzzles of the game. And the story line is change with imaginary creatures with made-up names each phonetically accurate. Did the makers of Pokemon intend to create a game that might help children learn to read or did the creators use phonics to create the English language equivalents of their native Japanese?Who knows, but perhaps this game, or something like it, could be helpful. In speech informally at several buildings in LPS, students at the middle level indicated that they would check out educational video games to play on their home gaming systems. Could video games, tuned to education by eliminating violence and other ob jectionable themes, become a new tool educators can use to engage students both during and after school? More research is certainly warranted but the existing results and intuitive logic leads one to think that there is promise here. At-Risk/ preventiveAn ever present emphasis in education is how to intervene for students with at-risk characteristics. We see educational and economic gaps forming for students at-risk and our universe system is always focused on closing gaps and providing bridges for students. Can technology-integrated interventions be part of the answer? In a recent study published by North Carolina State Universitys Meridian, journal on middle school technology, students repeating eighth note were isolated into a focused 27-week program that used hypermedia, online re inceptions and Power Point as integrated technologies.Students demonstrated statistically significant gains (29 percentile points) in reading and language arts. Additionally students demonstrated mar ked improvements (23 percentile points) in paternity performances (Little, 2006). Within LPS, the Center for Online Studies is a partnership with Arapahoe Community College (ACC). Students come to ACC to take online coursework supplied by Class. com and supervised by a prove teacher. The students enrolled have had difficulty succeeding in their traditional high schools and describe to the Board of Education in January, 2007 that the program has made a difference in their academic pursuits.The principles in use here that are making this first year program a success are having a quality content source, a certified teacher and a supportive learning environment. 11 Initiatives One-to-one computing is an industry term of one computing device allocated to one person. This essentially is an initiative to end divided computing resources based on the idea that such learning tools are so essential that every student needs one all the time. This view is something akin to the status that te xtbooks have enjoyed for some time.When the usual hears about classroom textbooks, meaning students cant take their own book home, there is unremarkably concern or even outcry to increase the resource. Proponents of 11 computing believe that the 21st Century represents a time when that status held by textbooks transfers to the computer. Indeed, if we are to shift from paper-based learning materials to electronic sources, a 11 initiative of some sort of computing device will be a pre-requisite. Some school districts and even states have begun to explore this concept.In Maine, a state-wide initiative began nine years ago to provide every seventh grade student with a laptop. The program is called the Main Learning Technology Initiative (MLTI) and it is having an impact on teaching and learning in their public schools. After five years, researchers reported that teachers were more effective at helping students meet state standards. Also students were more motivated, learned more, and mastered concepts to deeper levels. Finally, students appeared to be learning new skills for the 21st Century (Lane, 2003).Further research into the MLTI project showed that students who had used laptops in 7th and 8th grade, but no longer had school supplied laptops in 9th grade reported that the quantity and quality of their school work had dropped since losing recover to school-provided laptops (Pitler, Flynn, Gaddy, 2004). A 11 project is the initiative in Henrico County, Virginia which began in 2001. Prior to the project, 78 percent of the district schools were accredited based on the student achievement on the Virginia Standards of Learning test.By the end of the school year in 2003, all schools had earned accreditation meaning that a satis manufactory percentage of students passed the state test (Pitler, Flynn, Gaddy, 2004). In Canada, a 11 effort entitled the Wireless composition Project begun in 2002 started in Peace River North with sixth and 7th grade students. In pr e and post-test results on makeup assessments, researchers found that the percentage of students who met or exceeded the performance standards of the test increased from 70 percent to 92 percent (Pitler, Flynn, Gaddy, 2004).Another 11 initiative is current in New Hampshire where initial results reflect other studies of similar efforts. Students and teachers are demonstrating increased technology use across the curricular areas. Student engagement and motivation is up and student-teacher interactions are on the rise. Initial reports of teacher judgment of student achievement (that is, basing achievement on grades rather than standardized tests) indicate that students are doing better than before (Bebell, 2004).In our own experiences in LPS, we see classrooms with laptop access achieving a 11 ratio for the class period exhibiting much improved academic behaviors. Working in this manner, students demonstrate a tendency to return to previous homework and revise, edit and reuse to far greater degrees than the classroom teacher was accustomed to seeing. Students more often compare their writing samples with peers and seem more likely to collaborate. Using blogs, wikis and other online tools, students expand on the usefulness of word processors by working collaboratively and ubiquitously.Collaboration through Technology A strong theme through the research and observations in this paper is how technologies are used to improve student achievement and general practices. This section is dedicated to the art of collaboration and how various tools give people to reach across distances and through time like never before. iPods and other MP3 playing devices have opened up a very convenient and powerful pathway for information to be produced, accessed and archived. San Diego State University is leveraging this technology in science teacher preparation.Podcasting is a method of recording digital audio and video files and post-horse them online for others to access. This m ethod can be used to bring distant experts to students, provide opportunities to review material at leisure, grant unprecedented access to students to research material and extend the learning opportunities for students well beyond the classroom. Surveys of pre-service science teachers who used iPods and podcasting in their preparation reported time savings, increased interest in subject matter, and stated that they would use podcasting in their own teaching methods in the future (Yerrick, 2006).The presence of global networks, the affordability of a wide array of information technology and the reality that connected people create an integrated totally have drastically impacted how we work, and learn today. Learning theories of the previous century including behaviorism, cognitivism and constructivism were developed, prior to the current way our lives are organized, as a result of technology. Siemens proposes a new theory of learning based on the new human condition Connectivism. I n this view, knowledge resides in people and on devices.Learning and discriminating rest on diverse opinions from a wide array of sources. Learning becomes a process of connecting nodes of information. repeated learning is maintained by nurturing connections. Learners find connections between different ideas, fields of study, and basic concepts. Being current is of paramount importance. And decision-making is actually a learning process, meaning choosing what to learn and being able to deal with the change nature of information. Learners must become comfortable with the reality that what is considered correct today might be turn up wrong tomorrow.This theory of learning represents a massive shift in thinking that learning is not an individual pursuit, but is a collaborative, dynamic and never-ending activity (Siemens, 2005). In LPS, the blog and the wiki has become a fascinating collaborative learning tool. In a Language Arts classroom, students no longer just check out a book, write some sticky-note annotations, and have one-at-a-time discussions prompted by the teacher. Rather, students copy Macbeth from a web resource into a word processor and annotate electronically, keeping their work on ainly possess USB memory keys.While some students discuss a scene with the teacher, others are free to blog commentary on the topic of verbal discussion or other interests in the subject-matter at hand. Suddenly, a twelve dialogue threads are happening all at once and the teacher only has control of one. The participation rate of students has risen and students return to the blog after school to continue their dialog. Students report that the confabulation via blog makes them more reflective and yet more confident because of the lack of a public speaking component to the classroom discussion.In one discussion, the number of postings became so frequent over a perfectly period of time that the free blogging service shut down the account because the activity resembl ed a venomous electronic attack on the blog server. A wiki supporting another Language Arts class is being used to connect students to young people in other countries like South Korea. Students reading Arabian Nights have opportunities to share their insights with others from around the United States and even in foreign countries.Other opportunities include the use of SKYPE for toll-free calls around the globe to other connected classrooms and instant messages allowing free-form, high speed conversation on topics of study. And in a Foreign Language classroom, chat and Voice Over IP systems allow students to practice their second language acquisition with their teacher, with each other, and even with students outside the classroom. The lesson is that the art of collaboration has no boundaries today. Time and space are no longer the limiters they once were and the list of technologies in this section only scratches the surface of what is available.And like the learning theory of Conn ectivism points out, this too will change. Education must take note and prepare students to succeed in an environment that thrives on collaboration while constantly ever-changing and improving the tools that support it. Word Processing and Writing For decades now, research has been conducted on the effect word processing has on writing skills for students. In a 1997 study, Owston and Wideman cite a considerable body of work on this topic as part of their research project that studied 3rd grade students using word processors for writing.They reason out in their own study that use of word processors that were readily available to students and were an integrated part of their workaday activities resulted in considerably higher quality and quantity of writing as compared to a similar student group without access and support for such tools (1997). In a more recent qualitative study, the use of word processors with seven 3rd grade students over a six week period led to significantly mor e creative, more all-inclusive and improved style.This study of five girls and two boys also reported higher motivation to work with the writing process as compared to paper and pencil methods (Beck Fetherston, 2003). In LPS, Anne metal prole reports that students are more engaged when using classroom laptops. The students take advantage of the ease of use to wangle text to show various sentence structures. While these studies definitely point to improved writing ledger and quality from young students, research also suggests that young students need to be exposed to handwritten learning as well, which has been a point of discussion for some time.An article by Balajthy et al points out that students need a diverse writing experience and that word processors should be part of the experience rather than substitution handwritten work (Balajthy, McKeveny, Lacitignola, 1986). At this developmental level, the various tools for writing are most effective for learners when they are use d in an integrated approach with the overall instructional program rather than taught separately (MacArthur, 1988).There are studies that show little or no impact of word processors on the quality of student writing, however, a meta-analysis in 1993 showed that these studies tend to have a number of limitations not the least of which is the use of text-based word processors rather than the Graphical User Interface (GUI) systems in use today. Additionally, the analysis revealed that such studies often involve students who have sporadic access to the technology and were not accomplished with the tool (Bangert-Drowns, 1993).The process of mastering writing is very important and there is research that shows how emphasis on writing skills positively improves student achievement across the curriculum. Writing Across the Curriculum initiatives have over twenty years of professional practice and anecdotal evidence to support this claim. Strong research has been hard to come by, however, to truly evidence the effects. One of the biggest obstacles is the ability to truly have a strong control group for any study as such would require a population of students who did not use writing as part of their learning process (Railsback, 2004).Some studies have been able to document positive effects. In a 1992 study, Van Allen was able to conclude that school-wide efforts in Writing Across the Curriculum in five middle schools over a five year period resulted in better writing and better overall student achievement on assessments (1991). What we have found essential in LPS is to have students write frequently and in a variety of forms including wikis and blogs as well as word processors. We wish to note here that we must be careful about using research that is old, even though some of it is unavoidable.The technology tools of today are very different than when computers first entered schools. As an example, the word processing research from the 1980s may not be completely irreleva nt, but the software of today bears so little resemblance to the software of the late 1980s. In addition, increased student (and teacher) familiarity with these tools will also have an effect on the impact these tools have on achievement. A key question is How do we measure the impact of tools that change so quickly that by the time you measure their impact, the tools have changed?In other words, by the time most research is done (and published in reputable sources), the technology has changed so much that the research loses at least some of its relevance. This will be a significant hurdle to overcome. In a comprehensive peer-reviewed report, Bangert-Drowns conducted another meta-analysis with Hurley and Wilkinson on the impact of writing across the curriculum in 2004. This analysis, which reviewed 48 studies, produced three major findings. First, writing for learning produced positive effects on school achievement in the studies reviewed.The second finding was that grade levels, mi nutes per task, and writing prompts had significant impact on results. The study found that programs implemented in Grades 68 actually had reduced performances, possibly due to the loss of time on the more severalise content covered at the secondary level. Longer tasks also depressed results perhaps for similar time constraint issues and motivational issues among students. The use of writing prompts concerning students current understandings and confusion were very effective while prompts for personal writing showed no effect. The third finding concerned the length of treatment.The analysis revealed the intuitive conclusion that students who have longer exposure to writing for learning strategies experience a cumulative effect that is very positive (2004). The research continues today and can be seen in an article published in Education hebdomad on February 14, 2007, where the National Assessment of Educational Progress has been piloting a computerized test for assessing writing. T his move recognizes the research that is showing how students write more often, of better quality, and with more consistency (between both genders) when using these writing tools.And preliminary results are showing that students tend to write better on the tests when using the word processor (Cavanagh, 2007). What can be drawn from these studies is that writing, being an active learning process, has been shown to positively impact student achievement in all subject areas. It can also be stated that students who have ample access to word processing in conjunction with skillful instruction in a school that is emphasizing Writing Across the Curriculum can be reasonably expected to produce higher achievement results. drift VideoIn four Los Angeles public schools, a study was conducted on the effectiveness of United stream video in supporting 6th through 8th grade mathematics achievement. Students were pre and post-tested to provide the source data for the study which revealed that the experimental group using streaming video outperformed the control group by 4. 7 percent among sixth grade students. This differential was shown to be statistically significant. Eighth grade students showed a more modest 2. 2 percent advantage which still registered as significant (Boster et al. , 2004).In LPS, the said(prenominal) United Streaming resources were secured for all schools at the beginning of the 20062007 school year. Additional digital projection and loudspeaker equipment was provided to schools along with a concerted orientation effort to help teachers access and use the material. Prior to the entree of United Streaming video, the Internet connection for the district was peaking at 26 megabits of need. Within two months of the founding of United Streaming, the peak demand had reached 100 megabits which represented the maximum throughput the connection was able to sustain.This 400 percent increase in Internet demand was traced directly to streaming video services requested by the schools demonstrating the value teachers immediately saw in this technology. Today, LPS is deploying a locally hosted server to present the streaming video to meet the growing demand for both quantity and quality of the content. Laptops for Teachers The following is an observation of technology use at Lenski Elementary School by Assistant Director of Instructional Technology, Boni Hamilton.As part of the Technology Grants from Plan for Social Excellence (www. pfse. org). schools provided laptops for teachers in the first year of the three year grants. PFSE didnt collect hard data about the impact, but at Lenski Elementary School, I saw firsthand the effects on teachers and instruction. Some observations 1. Teachers who had been least confident about their technology skills increased their confidence and competence with technology skills to equal that of the more tech-savvy staff members within four months.While the classroom teachers had regular access to technolog y skills when they co-taught in the lab and so were fairly confident with technology skills, the non-classroom staff such as specialists received learn only when it was scheduled for the staff. This was too infrequent to give them the level of competence they needed. The portability of the laptops allowed the specialists to get help from peers, family members, and friends. A couple of teachers even signed up for computer classes outside the school because they finally had computers they could take home and practice on.One teacher who had been only moderately comfortable with technology learned how to make tables in MSWord and began showing everyone on staff she became the staff expert. 2. Teachers improved in their trouble-shooting skills. Trouble-shooting is difficult to teach because problems happen at inconvenient times and are hard to reproduce during a training session. However, when teachers were get behinding their laptops home and had problems, they had to solve the probl ems themselves. They either used family members to help or they fooled around until it did what they wanted.Because they knew the computers could be restored, they no longer worried about what would happen if they took a risk and pushed a button. 3. Teachers grew more relaxed about problems. Before laptops, teachers often got stressed when some technology failed. As they learned to problem-solve laptop problems, they had less tendency to get up-tight when something went wrong. They were then able to think about problem-solving strategies, consult a peer, or cart the laptop to a computer coach for help. 4. Teachers increased the level of student use of technology.As teachers gained confidence, they became more willing to risk using computers in the classroom. It wasnt as scary to let kids try projects on classroom computers because they trusted that either they or their students could solve problems. 5. The demand for student computers in classrooms has increased dramatically annuall y. Even though teachers felt their classrooms were too small to dispense clusters of computers, six months after they received laptops, they made room for computer clusters because they began to depend on computers to enable students to continue projects, collaborate on learning, and practice skills.The number of desktop computers in classrooms went from an honest of three per room to an average of five to six per room. Lenski also bought two 15-computer laptop carts, but demand was so heavy that the school added two more carts in the following year. Then the librarys demand for computers increased so dramatically that the school had to buy a fifth cart. In the third year of having laptop carts, teachers are now quetch that there are too few carts available for the library and 16 classrooms (Grades 2-5). 6.After three years of having laptops, most teachers opted to return to desktop computers. There seemed to be several causes for this 1) They purchased home computers and found t hey could use USB drives to cart files 2) The school had enough wireless laptops for student use that teachers could get on a laptop or even borrow one overnight, if they needed 3) They preferred larger screens, faster processors, and standard mice. Based on these observations, I advocate strongly for giving teachers experience with laptops before buying laptops for students. Concluding RemarksThe following is a summative commentary from Karl Fisch, Edublog Nominee and Finalist for the Best Blog of 2006 Were not going to find a whole lot of really good research to support this at this time. I can summarize what the research generally says. The use of technology in appropriate ways has a small, positive effect on student achievement. It also has a larger, but still small, positive effect on student and teacher motivation, engagement and satisfaction. Thats about it. that I would strongly argue that to a certain extent this is absentminded the point. I would also suggest that many of our current practices are in direct contradiction to what the research says we should do, but we do them anyway because its convenient for the adults.How come nobody is demanding to see the research to support those practices? But I digress. ) I do not think that if we infuse technology into our schools, even putting in a 11 program at the high schools, that we will see student achievement as we currently measure it skyrocket. I think we may see a small positive effect, with possibly a slightly larger effect among those students who typically have not done very well in our schools.But the basic problem with looking for research that supports growth in student achievement is that by necessity research has to look at fixed, testable content to try to determine growth. nowadays Im not saying that content knowledge isnt valuable, it is. But I think the skills and abilities and habits of mind that ubiquitous access to technology would help us develop in our students are ones tha t are really hard to measure. How do you measure creative thinking? Or the ability to collaborate with others, both in the same room or across the planet (or beyond)?Or the ability to take in information from an almost inexhaustible supply, synthesizes it, remix it, and then produce something that is of value to others? How do you measure imagination? How do you measure the ability to function in a flat, globally interconnected, technology-enabled, rapidly changing world? How do we measure the ability to learn how to learn? To know how to adapt, to reinvent yourself over and over again to meet the needs of a world that is changing at an exponential pace. How do you measure the ability to function in a world where all of human factual knowledge will be available practically instantaneously?Knowledge is good. Having content knowledge is necessary, but not fitting, to be successful in the 21st century. The research at best is only going to tell us about content knowledge. The power of the technology is to transform teaching and learning as we know it. To make it more student-centered, more individualized (yet also more community-based), more relevant, more meaningful. It allows each student to connect to each other, to the world, to knowledge, to learning, in the way(s) that works best for that student. I feign I fear we are asking the wrong questions . . .Where does all this leave us? And what use does this document provide? Clearly, more research is needed, but our efforts can no longer await the coming of comprehensive research studies. Not having solid research behind us will not be an becoming excuse for failing to prepare our students for the 21st Century. Therefore, we must be on the constant look-out for research that will help us light the way while we move ahead in the modernization of our public schools and our methods. We must become students of our own society and allow our own observations and action-research to influence our decisions.We must model for our students the creativity and risk-taking that will be defining characteristics of the adjoining age. In short, educators must come out of the comfort zone, reverse some control and join the wave of seemingly chaotic global empowerment. Daniel sound describes the next age of society which might give us some clues. He defines an age by the type of worker that is most commonly found among the population. During the Agricultural Age, the common person was some sort of farmer. During the Industrial Age, it was the factory worker.And during the Information Age, which he describes as beginning in the 1960s, it was the Knowledge Worker. But the end of each age is preceded by an out-sourcing and off-shoring of the common worker prompting the rise of the next age. So what does Daniel Pink suggest is next? The Conceptual Age. This economy maintains the necessity of strong left-brain skills (reading, writing, math and science) while adding the right brain skills (aesthetics, int uition, value and play). Daniel Pink would advise us to continue our left-brain pursuits, but introduce the richness of meaning and value. It is no longer sufficient to create a well engineered product now the product must be appealing as well (2005).Referenceshttp//www.bc.edu/research/intasc/PDF/NH1to1_2004.pdf

The last days of dogtown by Anita Diamant Essay Example for Free

The brave out days of dogtown by Anita Diamant EssayIntroduction The last days of dogtown is a novel written by Anita Diamant. The purpose of the novel is to express the level of morality of life in the American society during the nineteenth century. The author reveals life in the 19th century as sad but at the kindred time thoughtful. The last days of dogtown is a community set in an exotic landscape with a group of different and surprising characters. These characters atomic number 18 represent as residents who are threatened or alter by the ill wills of the outside world. Diamant portrays life in dogtown as cruel expressed through destitution and witchcraft. Residents in the last days of dogtown are oppressed by ignorance, poverty, illness and racial inequality. It is set in a dying town in Massachusetts during the 19th century. (Diamant Anita 52) Dogtown was a name associated with a roaming train of wild dogs. The wild dogs roamed above the hills of a dying town in Ma ssachusetts. The author portrays dogtown as a refuge place from cruelty and tragedies in the world. However, the decline of morality in dogtown presents other small tragedies which are set off by the residents. Dogtown which acts as a refuge from cruelty in the world presents a settlement space in which residents can live without being damaged or threaten. However dogtown does non fulfill its role since it is portrayed as an open prison where residents are set about by loss and other negative influences of the outside world. (Rossi, Mark, Howard 75).The roaming pace of dogs is used to illustrate the large number of people spreadhead rumor around the town about their townspeople. The spread rumours of presence of witches and whores in the town. Although the rumours are of factual their brashness increases when more tongues wag around the town. Residents in this town have made it their business to express the approximately well hidden secrets of their towns people. Diamant intro duces the character in dogtown in a very puzzling manner, creating complex relationships among them. These relationships are tested by the ill wills of the American society.The women in this society are presented as witches, whores or with weird behaviors. The man is depicted as brutal and cruel who shows no respect for the women. all(a) the residents in dogtown have suffered different misfortunes from the brutal society. For example, the thwarted love of a free African womanhood by a local racist. Dog towns poverty and misfortune pushes them into different destines. Slavery, alcoholism, poverty, sexuality, harlotry and racial tension have been used to create an immoral American society, in which residents are faced with brutal and cruel misfortunes.Conclusion The authors major conclusion is that she expresses the misfortune of loving even in the most(prenominal) brutal and cruel conditions. In this town, residents behave like a pack of wild dogs, by huddling in concert with a d edication to survive and live with hope. By coming together, they search for warmth and safety. Although comfort and humanity are hard to find, these people huddle together and are to survive.The author shows the great immorality depicted in the American society during the 19th century expressed in form of alcoholism, poverty, prostitution, racism, sexuality and dogtooth behavior. The author tries to show that people can come together and outcome even the cruelest conditions in the world. The possibility of creating love in such an environment can create harmony by demonstrating kindness and affection. (Diamant Anita 107). plant life CitedDiamant Anita. The last days of Dogtown. Simon Schuster, 2006.Diamant Anita. The Red tent A novel Tenth-Anniversary Edition. Picador, 2007Rossi, Peter H, Mark W. Lipsey, Howard E. Freeman. Evaluation dictatorial approach, sage, 2004.

Internal Audit Function and Fraud Detection in Government Essay Example for Free

Internal Audit Function and Fraud Detection in Government EssayCHAPTER wizard 1. 0Introduction This chapter will cover the background of the study, the statement of the problem, the train of the study, the objectives, the research questions, and the scope, the significance of the study and the structure of the report. 1. 1Background of the postulate According to Hector Perela, (2009), Internal auditing function with other intervention mechanisms like financial reporting and away audit to helps maintain cost-efficient contracting between owners and managers. It is designed by regime agencies to add valuate and improve organizational performance. It helps organizations accomplish their objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approaches to evaluate and improve the military capability of risk management, control and governance processes. Internal audit helps organizations to ensure that financial and other records be bona fide and complete. As well as ensuring that management adheres to policies and procedures for orderly and efficient conduct of the business, proper recording and safeguarding of assets and resources. The purpose of internal audit as far as the organization is concerned is to get accounting errors correct and control weaknesses eliminated.The most testing time for the internal auditor is the report he/she writes to achieve this end. No precise legal definition of fraud exists many of the offences referred to as fraud are covered by the Theft Acts of 1968 and 1978. Generally, the term is used to describe such acts as deception, bribery, forgery, extortion, corruption, theft, conspiracy, embezzlement, misappropriation, false representation, concealment of material facts and collusion. For serviceable purposes fraud may be defined as the use of deception with the intention of obtaining an advantage, avoiding an obligation or causing loss to another part. Internal Audit, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK) On one hand, fraud detection in regimen agencies involves employees or managers of the victim organization (commercial angles news letters 2001), the most effective tools for fraud detection are internal audit review, specific investigation by management, employee notification, and accidental discovery. Fraud detection helps Management to speech its responsibility through development of an appropriate design of the system of internal control and the effective summons of that system.Numerous fraud prevention and detection techniques are now utilized to reduce the direct and corroboratory costs associated with all forms of fraud. These various techniques include but are not limited to fraud policies, shout hot lines, employee reference checks, fraud vulnerability reviews, vendor contract reviews and sanctions, analytical reviews , password protection, firewalls, digital digest and other forms of software technology, and discovery sampling (Thomas and Gibson, 2003).Government departments implements the ideas and decisions of executive government in a contingent area of governance. Each department is led by a minister in charge or commissioner, and the main work of the department is determined by legislation. Despite the internal audit function, many government agencies fail to detect fraud for example loss of huge monies in NAADS. The National Agricultural consultatory Services (NAADS) is a Ugandan government agency created in 2001 to improve rural livelihoods by change magnitude agricultural productivity and profitability.

Psychology, Theology in Chrisitian Counseling Essay Example for Free

Psychology, Theology in Chrisitian Counseling EssaySUMMARYThe book begins with at skeleton selection as it managees the importance of the advocator utilizing the delivery boyian faith in focussing in supplement to focusing on the relationship between psychology and theology. It addresses the go forths and concerns that religion may bring into instruction sessions and how the focussing should address and handle these ch completelyenges. McMinn addresses the facts that spiritual development essential take place with the invitee as rise as the counselor. The counselor must privately address the regulation of petitioner, scripture, sin, confession, forgiveness, and buyback these formulations are a indispensability for smooth sessions for the knob and counselor. The heading of the sessions is to create a sizable sense of self for the client.Once this objective is achieved, the client can move from being broken, and begin a self-motivated and fulfilling relationshi p with God and others. In the section, Toward psychological and olfactory perceptionual Health, McMinn focuses his main position to the varied individuality of an individuals brio. He proposes that Christian counseling strengthens three areas of a persons life sense of self, awareness of human ask, limitations, and confiding social relationships with God and others.The book appears to be focused on the m both important attributes of a Christians life i.e. prayer, scripture, sin, confession, forgiveness, and redemption all which should be the foundational make-up of the Christian counselors method of treating clients. Dr. McMinn (1996) believes prayer should be used in and outside of the counseling session, however with caution. According to McMinn (1996) Christian counselors should account upon Scripture for truth by determining how to use it appropriately. The use of scripture should be utilized as a therapeutic intervention in the counseling setting. In addition, it would sol ely depend upon the clients emotional, mental and spiritual health and how it is perceived.The chapters are formatted in a very straightforward layout. The chapters make water sections to address the challenges counselors face, psychological and spiritual health focus points, and also expected results by each foundational element of counseling psychological, theological, and spiritual. McMinn further discusses the topics of sin, redemption and forgiveness. From the text, it is apparent that the discussion of sin must be handled with care at all times. This subject should be approached with caution and only be discussed if there is a healthy client counselor relationship. Forgiveness is one of the other attributes discussed.Forgiveness has the ability to lead an individual to a healthy and fulfilling life with others and self. It can produce spiritual, mental and emotional reprieve for a client. Redemption is the sole objective for counseling and the counselor must first recognize his redemption before he is urged to be a watercraft to redeem someone else. (Ephesians 17-8) In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of sins, in concord with the riches of Gods grace 8that he lavished on us with all wisdom and understanding. (NIV) Christs redemption has freed us from guilt, being justified freely by His grace through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus (Romans 324). To be redeemed we first have to be lost, separated, and captive, be in slavery, and so on. In the case of the Christian redemption definition, we are separated from God and need redemption to be adequate to be reconcile back to God.CONCRETE RESPONSEThis book is a very salutary outline of spiritual and psychological health and functioning. It gives a very detailed outline of what a Christian counselor should be. Having had some counseling sessions with my pastor in regards to debating on decouple, I was able to relate to McMinns outlines. My pastor was firm and consistent and did not waiver from the word of God as it related to my personal issue at the time. Before the sessions begin, one of the major items my pastor discussed with me was prayer.He asked before the sessions started if I would like for him to pray and before the end of each session. He advised me that through prayer I would be able to feel the presence of God in which I did. As I became more acclimated with my relationship with God, I was able to feel his presence. However at some points during the sessions I felt as if he was forcing his personal beliefs on me as it related to divorce. I was at a point in my life that divorce appeared to be the only option I felt I had. With prayer and the act of forgiveness and continue efforts, I was able to forgive my spouse and move forward. After my sessions, I was able to find my healthy sense of self again which lead to a more positive, healthy and cultivatable life with my spouse. observanceThe proficiency of counseling must be carefully implem ented in order for the counselor and client to eventually envision and reap the benefits. This action may not happen in two or three sessions or may not happen at all depending upon the counselor and clients relationship. We as Christian counselors must equip ourselves with the whole armor of God (Eph. 611, 13). The Holy Spirit should be in the midst of each counseling session in order for the sessions to be productive and prosperous.McMinn (1996) intra disciplinary approach to healing the emotional, mental, and spiritual life of man must be taken in small steps. One question that comes to mind is the section which related to counseling adolescents. According to the book, a stripling appears to be the most difficult to communicate with. In view of the fact that teenagers are faced with an rank of complex situations on a daily basis, how would one effectively bring across culture for a teenager to perceive who is currently going through a dilemma? Would the same outline be used in treating adults?ACTIONAs I involve Mark McMinns book I began to feel a hunger and thirst for the Word of God which became more prevalent as I continued to read. My spirit began to search for more of God . It is apparent that I must fast, pray and read my bible on a daily basis so that I can focus on God and build a closer relationship with him. This book is an excellent resource for counseling for those who need guidance in incorporating spiritual disciplines in a secularly dominated society. The only way this will be instrumental in counseling is to refer to its teaching and allow the Holy Spirit to make it contributing(prenominal) and acceptable in the counseling session.Many Christian counselors can use this resource to reach a level of maturity that will translate into true healing and redemption. As a Christian Counselor, I must first recognize the fact that each person is different mentally, physically and emotionally. Therefore, different methods must be utilized. There is not an outline written in stone each session evolves into a different method according to the client and the positive or negative response of the previous sessions. The information given by McMinn has truly broadened my outlook in respects to counseling and the relationship I should have with God in reference to becoming a counselor. I would truly recommend this book to any existing counselors or those perusing a counseling career.REFERENCEMcMinn, Mark R. Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality In Christian Counseling. Carol Stream, IL Tyndale House Publishers, 1996.

The love that Dorothea feels for Randall, and the love Tony Kytes feels for Milly Essay Example for Free

The tell apart that Dorothea feels for Rand each, and the discern Tony Kytes feels for Milly EssayAfter reading the short stories The Un expressed by Kate Chopin and Tony Kytes, the Arch Deceiver by doubting Thomas Hardy, how far would you agree with this statement?The Unexpected is the tale of Rand whole and Dorothea, a passionate consanguinity driven apart by an unfortunate illness. The second story Tony Kytes, the Arch-Deceiver is a story of a adult male in go to sleep with tether dissimilar women for three different reasons.The Unexpected is a tale of an intense relationship amid Rand whole and Dorothea. Due to be married Randall, for a brief absence, left his Dorothea and the author describes the parting as acidulated the enforced separation.too cruel an ordeal to bear,The goodbye dragged with lingering kisses and signs, showing beneficial how much the parting get More kisses and more clinging till the last wrench came. unfortunately near the end of the month of which Randall was to return, modify with Daily letters impassi aced and interminable, he was struck ill and delayed for yet a nonher month. During all this the author describes the postponement for Dorothea as torture but even though she wanted to be at Randalls side she knew her parents would neer permit such a thing as it was frowned upon for an unmarried man and a woman to be alone together non chaperoned, even for an engaged couple.Letters come from Randall relation back Dorothea that he is hold backd by his doctors to travel south before winter sets in but would archetypal revisit his stem town.Randall is very much in love with Dorothea calling her his dearest one to his tenderheartedness and Craving her lips.Dorothea misses Randall a lot reading his letters until they were in tatters and then gazing for hours upon his portrait which showed him as an virtually perfect specimen of youthful health, strength and manly beauty.Randall had written to her to tell her he a ltered greatly in appearance and even wrote that he would hardly recognize him.She waited with baited breath and anticipation filled her corpse until the moment came when the meeting actually proceeded, she could never know been prepared for the dramatic change in his appearance.He was a mere shadow of who he once was and Dorotheas feelings for him began to change she stared at him in wonder and apprehension sooner than fear.What hideous transformation had he undergone? shows how much she hated the new look he had. Dorothea peddle bear to have Randall touch her shes repulsed by how he now looks.The use of the vocabulary shuddering, shrinking, shriveling, describes how she felt her love for Randall die within her.They talked for a while (or rather Randall talked) and he insisted they hook up with at once in fear he would not recover from his illness, We must not put it off Dorothea. Let the wedding party be at once.Dorothea was not so keen on this idea and she make attempts to p ull forward claiming she would be a hindrance and in her heart she was saying Never, never, neverRandall had an early(a) reason to marry Dorothea Im sort of-almost sure enough I shall get well but the strongest of us cannot count upon life. If worse should come I want you to have all I possess what fortune I have must be yours, and marriage will make my wish secure.This shows that Randall loves Dorothea and only wishes to make her future is financially secure incase he cannot be with her. But Dorotheas refuel saying she be a hindrance shows she didnt love Randall for his property she is also quite stifled by his proposal.After a last coughing fit Randall is taken away by his attendant Dorothea watches him leave without a word.She was glad no one was present to obligate her to speak, she didnt want sight to make her change her mind as she deals more or less this problem, shes embarrassed to speak and would have had to lie.Dorothea mounts her bike as if fleeing from death hi mself shows how much she needed to get away to be free from the people that would pray her of the wedding to come, seemingly borne on by come force other than mechanical-some unwanted energy- a sudden impulse that lightened her eyes. She rides through unfamiliar country and the road becomes rough and unfrequented and she doesnt stop until shes sure she is alone with just nature surrounding her.She never spoke a word after summons him good-by but now she seemed disposed to make confidants and the extract ends by saying Never she whispered, non for all his thousands Never, never Not for millionsDorothea is most defidently not interested in Randalls money but the relationship was based on looks rather than personality as so were many relationships during that time.The second title Tony Kytes, the Arch-Deceiver by Thomas Hardy, the title gives the reader an instant impression of the kind of man Tony is, a deceiver.Hes not depict by how handsome he is, like Randall is during the firs t extract, it concentrates more on his charm and personality.Tony is engaged to Milly Richards, who is depict as a nice, light, tender little thing.Oh his way driving home one Saturday after world at market with his father he saw waiting for him haleness Sallet, a handsome girl, one of the women hed been very tender toward before getting engaged to Milly.The words one of the women indicates that there was more than just one hed been quite friendly with and gives the reader an impression that he likes to have lots of women.As briefly as Tony drives by her in his wagon she asks My dear Tony, will you give me a lift home?Tony replies That I will darling, you dont suppose I could refuse ee?This gives the reader an impression that Tony may yet have feelings for superstar.Unity obviously considers herself to be better than Molly when she is talking to Tony, I should have made ee a finer wife, and a more loving one too.Tony appears weak as she duologue to him asking if he did not th ink her pretty. He let his eyes light upon her for a tenacious while. In fact, I never knowed you was so pretty beforeBut when she asks if she is prettier than Milly he does not say as over the hedge past turning he sees the feather he knew well- the feather in Millys hat.Tony persuades Unity to hide in the back of the wagon Now dearest Unity, will ye, to avoid all unpleasantness, which I know ye cant bear any more than I, will ye lie down in the back of the wagon till Milly has passed?Tony knows that its wrong for him to be seen with another woman rather than his fianc in public.When Tony sees Milly she does not ask for a ride. Tony lies saying he thought she was tone ending to see her mother not waiting for him. They talked until they reached a house and who is looking out the window but Hannah Jolliver, another young beauty of the place at that time, and the first woman Tony had fallen in love with.Described as much more dashing girl than Milly Richards, thought Tony had not thought of her late.Tony then persuades Milly to hide in the back of the wagon, the other side to Unity I see a young woman a-looking out of window, who I think many accost me. The fact is Milly, she ha a notion that I was wishing to marry her, and since shes detect to marry another, and a prettier than she. I rather afeard of her temper if she sees us together.I dont mind to oblige you, Tony, Milly said though she didnt divvy up much about doing it, she crept under the seat.Hannah appears to be quiet curt Well, arent you going to be civil enough to ask me to ride home with you?The more Tony looked at Hannah while he was driving the more he like her, till he couldnt for the life of him think why he had ever said a word about marriage to Milly or Unity while Hannah Jolliver was in question.Youve settled it with Milly by this time I suppose? Hannah said and Tony talks quietly N-no, not exactly. He speaks quietly as not to be overheard.Hannah asks if he likes Milly more than her and if he asked her she wouldnt say no.Tony was won over by the pretty face and he whispered very softly to her I havent quite promised her, and I think I can get out of it and ask you that question you speak off.Unfortunately Hannah shouted very loud clapping her hands Throw over Milly-all to marry meThere was an angry, vengeful squeak and afterward a long moan, as if somethings heart had broken. This shows that it most probably was Milly and that she really did care for Tony.Tony sees his father in the field calling him, handing the reins to Hannah he arrests his father with a stern look.It looks to me as if Mr. Kytes does not particularly like Hannah and doesnt want his son causing a scandal.Tony ends up confessing to his father that some(prenominal) Unity and Milly are also in the wagon and he asks his father for advice.Whatever of em did not ask to ride with thee? His father tells him.But Tony objects.Stick to Milly, shes the best. His father advice before warning Tony to take th e reins from Hannah has the horse begins at a brisk walking pace.Milly becomes restless after hearing Tony and Hannah talking and she spies another womans foot, Unitys foot.Both women delirium in whisper of how disgraceful it is for the other to be hiding in a young mans wagon.I am engaged to be married to him, and havent I a unspoiled to be here? What right has you, I should like to know? What has he been promising you? A pretty lot of nonsense, I expect But what Tony says to other women is all mere wind, and no concern to me Milly says getting louder, this shows she doesnt believe anything that Tony says to other women is consecutive, its lies and doesnt subject area to her. She really does love him.Hes going to have Hannah, and not you, nor me either I could hear that. Unity says.At the sound of the voices rising Hannah lets go of the reins and the horse walks off turning to quick at the hill, the wheels went up on the bank and the wagon tips on its side. Tony comes running f rightened and breathless and was relieved to see that none of his darlings was bear but for a few scratches from the brambles, he cares for all three girls and likes them all for different reasons.Hes scared to find them all arguing He would have kissed them all round and square as a man could but they were talking too much to let him.First Tony says he wants Hannah to be his. Hannahs father was culmination up behind them and Hannah was crying worse than ever.My daughter is not willing, sir says Mr. Jolliver hot and strong Be you willing, Hannah? I ask ye to have spirit enough to refuse him, if yer virtue is left to ee and you run no risk. Mr. Jolliver clearly dislikes Tony,Hannah refuses partly because of her father and too partly in a tantrum because of her discovery. Little did I think when I was so soft with him just now that I was talking to such a false deceiver False deceiver hence the actual title of the book.Second he asks Unity to marry him and she snaps at him and walks off following the Jollivers footsteps, hoping that Tony might follow her.Finally he asked Milly, the last left and the one he was actual engaged to, if she would marry him claiming it do seem as if fate had ordain that it should be you and I, or nobody.Losing all semblance of what had been is how Dorothea phrases her emotions this appears to be a common theme throughout both extracts, In other words the fickleness of love. In both stories the love is lost in different ways, but this love however was based on appearance rather than true love.In my doctrine in the first extract Randall and Dorothea have a passionate relationship until there forced to infract and Randall become ill.The relationship isnt based on money as Dorothea refused to stay with him Never, she whispered not for all his thousands Never, never Not for millionsIts true that Randall changed in appearance but if Dorothea had really truly loved him she would never has left him no matter what he looked like when he w as ill. But if it were reversed would Randall have yet loved Dorothea if her looks had changed.If it were true love it would not matter what they looked like but to Dorothea it certainly did and so I believe it is mere infatuation rather than true love.With Tony Kytes, he seems to like all three girls for three different reasons, he cant have just one he wants them all and hes confused about who he should choose he knows that its wrong but he does it anyway, and to me he seems to see the women as objects rather than actual living breathing people. Overall it most diffidently seems to be infatuation rather than true love.